THE SUBJECT, TERMINOLOGY, AND FORMATION HISTORY OF ARABIC MORPHOLOGY (SARF)

Abstract

This study explores the origins and historical development of 
the science of Sarf (morphology) as a cornerstone of Arabic linguistics. It 
examines the process through which Sarf emerged as an independent discipline 
from Nahw (syntax), pioneered by scholars such as Mu'adh al-Harra and Abu 
Uthman al-Mazini. The article provides a comparative analysis of the Basra 
and Kufa linguistic schools, focusing on their distinct approaches based on 
qiyas (analogy) and sama' (auditory tradition). Furthermore, the significant 
role of Mahmud al-Zamakhshari and Mawarannahr scholars in systematizing 
morphological rules and creating classical pedagogical texts is scientifically 
substantiated.