Articles · Vol. 2 No. 2 (2026)

PATRON OF SCIENCE AND CULTURE IN THE TIMURID DYNASTY: SARAY MULK KHANUM

Authors

  • Hilolakhon 2nd-year undergraduate student, Department of Islamic Studies, International Islamic Academy of Uzbekistan
  • Kamola TURGUNOVA 2nd-year undergraduate student, Department of Islamic Studies, International Islamic Academy of Uzbekistan
  • Muhabbatkhon Agzamova Associate Professor,Department of Islamic Studies and the Study of Islamic Civilization (ICESCO),International Islamic Academy of Uzbekistan

Keywords

Saroymulk Khanum Timurid Empire secret letter The Conqueror’s Grandson Spanish envoy Clavijo‘s travel account

Abstract

This article examines the historical role and activities of Saroymulk Khanum (Bibi Khanum), a prominent figure of the Timurid Empire. The study analyzes her influence on Amir Temur’s political policies, her leadership in scholarly and cultural spheres, her decision-making in critical situations, and her contributions to urban development based on historical sources. In addition, the position of women in the state and society during the Timurid period is explored through the example of Saroymulk Khanum, and her historical legacy is evaluated from a scholarly perspective.

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References

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2. Davron, X. (2006). Bibixonim Qissasi. Tashkent: Sharq.

3. Fayziyev, T. (2009). Temuriy Malikalar. Tashkent: Uzbekistan.

4. ZiyoUz. (n.d.). Saroy Mulk Khanum (Bibi Khanum). Retrieved February 11, 2026,

from https://n.ziyouz.com/portal-haqida/xarita/tarix/temuriy-malikalar/saroy-mulkkhonim-bibikhonim