THE VIEWS OF QOSIM KHWARAZMI, THE AUTHOR OF “AT-TAHMIR,” AND UMAR JANDIY, THE AUTHOR OF “AL-IQLID” REGARDING THE SYNTACTIC FUNCTION OF THE VOCATIVE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.57033/mijournals-2026-9-0172Keywords:
“al-Mufassal”, “at-Takhmir”, “al-Iqlid”, Qasim al-Khwarazmi, Umar al-Jandi, munada, vocative, Arabic linguistics, syntactic function, Nahw, comparative analysis.Abstract
This article examines one of the fundamental issues of classical Arabic
linguistics the syntactic function of the munodo (the vocative). As the object of the study,
two important commentaries on Mahmud al-Zamakhshari’s renowned work al-Mufassal
were selected: at-Takhmir by Qosim al-Khwarizmi and al-Iqlid by Umar al-Jandi. The
article comparatively analyzes the distinctive scholarly views of both linguists regarding
the munodo, its position within the sentence, its governing elements (awomil), and its
syntactic relationships.
Downloads
References
1. Al-Jāmī, N. al-D. ʿA. al-R. (2015). Al-Fawāʾid al-ḍiyāʾiyya. Author.
2. Al-Jandī, T. al-D. A. ibn M. ibn ʿU. (2002). Al-Iqlīd (Vol. 1). King Fahd National Library.
3. Al-Khwārizmī, Q. ibn al-Ḥ. ibn A. (1990). At-Takhmīr (Vol. 1). Dār al-Gharb al-Islāmī.
4. Sībawayh, A. B. ʿA. ibn ʿU. (1988). Al-Kitāb (ʿA. al-S. Hārūn, Ed.; Vol. 2). Maktabat al-
Khānjī.
5. Mamatkulova, N. (2025). Enhancing Students’ecolinguistic Awareness as a Key Educational
Priority in the 21st Cyentury. Foreign Languages in Uzbekistan, 152-166.
6. Mamatkulova, N., & Nilufar, M. (2020). Independent study skills as a key to succyess
in higher education system. European Journal of Research and Reflection in Educational
Sciyencyes, 8(10 Part II), 96-100.
7. Al-Zamakhsharī, A. al-Q. M. ibn ʿU. (2004). Al-Mufassal fī ʿulūm al-ʿarabiyya (The detailed
treatise on the sciences of the Arabic language). Dār ʿAmmār.
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Samariddin AHMEDOV, Saidahmadkhon GAYBULLAYEV (Author)

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Open Access License and Copyright Terms
All articles published in The Journal of Interdisciplinary Human Studies are licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).
This license permits unrestricted use, distribution, reproduction, and adaptation of the work in any medium or format, provided that the original author(s) and the source are properly credited.
Authors retain full copyright to their published work and grant the journal the right of first publication.
✅ Official license URL:
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/