Articles · Vol. 2 No. 2 (2026)

AN ANALYTICAL REVIEW OF CONTEMPORARY RESEARCH ON THE HISTORY OF PILGRIMAGE SITES IN THE ERA OF AMIR TEMUR AND THE TIMURID DYNASTY (RUSSIAN RESEARCHERS)

Authors

  • Jasurbek ABDUQODIROV Lecturer, Department of Islamic History and Source Studies – IRCICA, International Islamic Academy of Uzbekistan

Keywords

Amir Temur Timurid Samarkand architecture archaeology Afrasiab mausoleums heritage

Abstract

The cultural and architectural heritage of the Amir Temur and Timurid 
periods has attracted sustained scholarly attention from both Eastern and Western 
researchers. Early studies, conducted under the Russian Empire, focused on the ancient 
cities of Samarkand, Afrasiab, and surrounding regions, documenting monuments such 
as the Gur-e Amir, Bibi-Khanym Mosque, and Shah-i Zinda. Russian archaeologists, 
Orientalists, and photographers–including N. I. Veselovskiy, S. M. Dudin, V. L. Vyatkin, 
and V. V. Vereshchagin–systematically recorded architectural, epigraphic, and decorative 
elements. Research continued during the Soviet period and was complemented by Uzbek 
scholars. These studies provide critical insights into Timurid architecture, pilgrimage 
sites, and material culture in Central Asia

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